Persian rugs are products of Iran which was known as Persia until 1935. The rugs
are handmade in factories employing upwards of fifteen weavers, and by
individuals, families and small group of cottage industry.
The rugs produced in factories tend to be standardized in respect to materials,
dyes, knotting, and patterns. The weavers are employed to produce specific
products and follow directions supplied by their employers. As a result there
are few variations in factory made rugs. There are also limited number of
special order rugs produced for individuals and export firms. Qom and Nain are
two of the most prominent sources of factory rugs, and produce some of the
finest in Iran today.
Nomadic weavers and village craftsmen produce approximately 70 percent of the
rugs in Iran. The majority of these rugs are exported, and currently the western
countries provide the large market for them. The leasing countries of purchase
are the United States, Germany, England and Switzerland.
Identifying Persian rugs can be difficult. There are many variations in design,
technique of weave, wool, dyes and sizes. The designs are diverse, but if a
general type were too named, the floral patterns are the most typical of Persian
rugs. The techniques of weave are also diverse. The two basic know of forms are
used, Persian and Turkish, as well as the jufi knot in poor quality pieces. The
side and end finishes incorporate both overcast and selvaged sides and ends
fringed and selvaged. The wool grades range from soft, shiny wool of the kirman
rigs to the coarser, somewhat dull wool seen in hamadan rugs. Dyes currently
used are almost all synthetic. There are, however, some nomadic Persian rugs
still dyed with natural substances, but these are the exception. Regarding
rug sizes, the Persian rugs are made in all ranges, though not all types are
produced in large, room-sized carpets.
Types of Persian rugs
Abadeh
Afshar
Ardebil
Bijar
Feraghan
Gorevan
Hamadan
Herat
Herez
Isfahan
Josheghan
Kashan
Khorassan
kirman
Kudistan
luristan
Meshed
Qom
Sarouk
senneh
Shiraz
Tabriz
Yzed